Nickel Monoxide (NiO) is a versatile inorganic compound with wide applications across various fields such as catalysis and chemicals, batteries and energy, magnetic materials, optics and electronics, ceramics and glass, biomedicine, as well as environmental protection. As a catalyst, it facilitates numerous chemical reactions; in the battery sector, it enhances battery performance; in magnetic materials, it strengthens magnetic recording and sensing capabilities; in optics and electronics, it enriches the functionality of materials and components; in ceramic and glass manufacturing, it adds color and performance; in biomedicine, it demonstrates biocompatibility and sensing potential; and in environmental protection, it aids in wastewater and air purification. With technological advancements, the application prospects of nickel oxide will become even broader.